UNDERSTANDING DYSCALCULIA
Dyscalculia.
Diagnosis, Support
& Therapy
Expert guidance.
Support grounded in research.
Reliable, evidence-based interventions.
WHAT IS DYSCALCULIA?
Understanding Dyscalculia and Its Impact on Learning
Dyscalculia is a specific learning disorder that affects an individual’s ability to understand numbers, perform calculations, and grasp mathematical concepts.
While dyslexia is widely recognised, dyscalculia—a “number-based” learning difficulty—remains less understood, even though the two conditions can co-occur.
Many children who are perceived as “struggling with maths” may, in fact, have dyscalculia. Without proper identification and support, these learners can experience ongoing challenges that affect confidence, academic progress, and everyday numeracy skills. This highlights the critical importance of professional learning disability assessments.
At SGDA, we specialise in the assessment and support of dyscalculia. We employ the only HPCSA-endorsed Dyscalculia Test in South Africa and follow a scientifically grounded approach that maps how different areas of the brain contribute to numerical understanding, problem-solving, and mathematical reasoning. Our goal is to provide accurate diagnosis, personalised intervention, and lasting support for learners.
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SYMPTOMS OF DYSCALCULIA
Dyscalculia is a learning difficulty that can affect multiple aspects of numerical understanding and mathematical reasoning. Common challenges include:
- Understanding numbers and quantities –
difficulty grasping how numbers relate to one another. - Difficulties understanding maths concepts –
struggling to make sense of mathematical ideas and principles. - Recall of basic facts –
challenges with addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. - Mental calculation –
difficulty performing calculations in the head. - Sequences and ordering –
trouble understanding number patterns, sequences, or procedural steps. - Time, direction, and measurement –
difficulty reading clocks, estimating time, measuring, or following directions. - Step-by-step problem-solving –
challenges following multi-step mathematical procedures.
It is important to note that low intelligence does not cause dyscalculia. Individuals with dyscalculia are bright and capable—their brains simply process numbers differently. Early identification and support can help learners reach their full potential.
HOW IT WORKS
How the Brain Processes Maths
At SGDA, we assess the three key neurological systems involved in mathematical learning and identify how differences in brain function contribute to dyscalculia:
Fact Retrieval
This system relies on the Angular Gyrus and the Intraparietal Sulcus (IPS), which enable the brain to store and quickly recall basic mathematical facts. When these areas function differently, learners may struggle to retrieve numbers and perform calculations efficiently.
Learning Strategies
The Inferior Prefrontal Cortex and Bilateral IPS support planning, reasoning, and strategy selection for solving mathematical problems. Difficulties in these regions can make it challenging to approach new or multi-step tasks with confidence and flexibility.
Visual–Spatial Processing
The Superior Parietal Lobule and Inferior Parietal Cortex underlie spatial awareness, mental number lines, and understanding quantitative relationships. When this system is affected, learners often find it hard to recognise patterns, organise information, or grasp visual and spatial maths concepts.
By evaluating these three systems, SGDA provides a comprehensive understanding of why learners with dyscalculia face difficulties and what targeted support is needed to help them succeed.
COMMON SYMPTOMS
How Dyscalculia Manifests in Daily Life
When dyscalculia is not identified and supported early, it can impact confidence, independence, and overall well-being. Symptoms may present differently across age groups:
Young Children
- Difficulty counting and recognising numbers
- Challenges with basic addition and subtraction
- Confusion about concepts of “more” or “less”
- Slow problem-solving skills
- Difficulty telling time
School-Age Children
- Ongoing difficulty with counting and number recognition
- Struggles with addition, subtraction, and other mathematical operations
- Challenges understanding quantities and comparisons
- Slow or hesitant problem-solving
- Difficulty reading clocks and managing time
Teenagers and Adults
- Difficulty budgeting and managing finances
- Challenges with measurements and estimations
- Trouble reading maps or understanding spatial information
- Anxiety or stress related to maths
- Persistent difficulties in academic, work, or daily-life tasks involving numbers
CATCH THEM BEFORE THEY FALL
Why Early Learning Disability
Testing Matters
Early assessment is essential for identifying number-related learning difficulties such as dyscalculia. A clear and accurate diagnosis can:
Reduce frustration – help learners understand their challenges and reduce stress.
Support school adjustments – enable tailored classroom strategies and accommodations.
Prevent long-term learning gaps – address difficulties before they compound.
Guide therapy – inform targeted interventions to strengthen numerical skills.
Build confidence – empower learners to approach maths with greater self-assurance.
Timely testing ensures that children receive the support they need to reach their full potential.
DYSCALCULIA TESTING
Comprehensive Assessment for Number-Related Learning Difficulties
At SGDA, our specialised testing programme is conducted by registered professionals trained in dyscalculia assessment. Our goal is to provide a thorough understanding of each learner’s strengths, challenges, and underlying causes, so that targeted support can be implemented.
Parent Questionnaire
and Consent
We begin by gathering essential background information, including early developmental milestones and daily challenges, to inform the assessment process.
Grade-Specific
Test Books (Gr 1–7)
Our carefully designed test books evaluate:
- Number sense – understanding quantities and numerical relationships
- Fact retrieval – recalling basic arithmetic facts efficiently
- Visual–spatial reasoning – recognising patterns, sequences, and spatial relationships
- Problem-solving and calculation strategies – applying logical steps to solve mathematical tasks
- Core mathematical abilities – foundational skills critical for academic success
Standardised Learning
Disability Testing
We assess the neurological systems involved in mathematical understanding, providing insight into how each learner processes numbers, solves problems, and approaches maths tasks.
Diagnosis and
Feedback
Our therapists evaluate not only accuracy but also confidence, approach, speed, and coping strategies. Families receive:
- A clear, detailed diagnostic report
- A personalised therapy plan
- Practical school recommendations
SGDA offers the only HPCSA-endorsed dyscalculia test in South Africa. All registered professionals complete supervised internships to ensure accurate, ethical, and reliable diagnosis. This structured, evidence-based approach enables SGDA to develop effective, individualised intervention plans that empower learners to succeed in maths.
DYSCALCULIA THERAPY
Targeted Support for Number-Related Challenges
At SGDA, we provide structured dyscalculia therapy tailored to each learner’s neurological profile. Our approach strengthens core mathematical skills, builds confidence, and develops effective problem-solving strategies.
1. Individualised Support Plans (ISPs)
Therapy begins with clear, measurable goals for both home and school, ensuring continuity and consistency in learning.
2. Interactive Therapy
We use engaging, hands-on methods incorporating movement, colour, visuals, and practical tools to make mathematical concepts accessible and memorable.
3. Neuroscience-Based Intervention
Our therapy targets the specific brain systems involved in maths, helping learners improve:
- Fact retrieval – quick and accurate recall of basic number facts
- Strategy development – planning and reasoning for problem-solving
- Visual understanding – recognising patterns, spatial relationships, and quantities
- Mental calculation – performing calculations with confidence and efficiency
4. Emotional Support
We help reduce math-related frustration and build learners’ confidence and resilience.
5. Parent Training
Families are provided with home-therapy tools and guided practice strategies to reinforce learning beyond the therapy session.
6. Technology and Apps
Therapy incorporates suitable digital tools for one-on-one or small-group learning, making interventions interactive and adaptable.
This evidence-based, multi-faceted approach equips learners with the skills, strategies, and self-assurance they need to succeed in mathematics.
COURSES
Dyscalculia Course for HPCSA Registered Professionals
SGDA offers a specialised training programme for HPCSA-registered professionals who support learners with number-related learning difficulties. Dyscalculia can make understanding numbers, recalling maths facts, and solving basic problems challenging—even with effective classroom instruction.
This course provides an in-depth understanding of how the brain processes numbers and covers key areas such as:
- Number sense – grasping quantities and numerical relationships
- Fact recalls – efficiently retrieving basic arithmetic facts
- Visual understanding – recognising patterns and spatial relationships
- Strategy development – planning and reasoning for problem-solving
Participants learn to accurately identify learners’ areas of difficulty and apply the SGDA HPCSA-endorsed Dyscalculia Test. Training also equips professionals with practical, long-term strategies to guide families and schools in supporting learners’ mathematical development.
A note to our dyscalculia students...
We understand that living with dyscalculia—a learning difficulty that makes understanding numbers, recalling maths facts, and solving problems challenging—can feel overwhelming. In a system where success is often measured by numerical ability, it is not always easy to keep up or feel confident.
At SGDA, we see your effort, bravery, and determination. Every step you take, no matter how small, is a victory. Remember: your ability to succeed is not limited by this learning difficulty. Yes, learning maths may require hard work. Yes, it can be frustrating at times. But never give up. Keep following your dreams, seek help when needed, and use every resource available to strengthen your skills. You are capable, resilient, and amazing—and we cannot wait to see the milestones you will achieve.
A note to our parents...
Supporting a child with dyscalculia can feel daunting, but your guidance, encouragement, and understanding can make a world of difference. A professional diagnosis provides clarity about the specific challenges your child faces and opens the door to meaningful conversations about their struggles and achievements.
Listen to your child, really listen. Their experiences, frustrations, and small successes are important. With your support, a child with dyscalculia can develop confidence, build skills, and embrace learning with determination. Celebrate every victory—no matter how small—because each success motivates them to keep trying and grow stronger.
Together, parents and learners can navigate this journey. With the right support, guidance, and encouragement, children with dyscalculia can reach their full potential and achieve their dreams. Your involvement matters, and a bright, successful future is possible.
Get in touch with us today!
Book a Professional Assessment
If your child is showing signs of difficulty with numbers or maths, early intervention can make a significant difference. SGDA’s trained professionals offer accurate assessments, detailed feedback, and personalised therapy plans to support long-term improvement in mathematical skills.
Books For Sale!
This is Me!
An inspirational collection of stories from 23 South African dyslexics, sharing their journeys of learning, self-discovery, and overcoming challenges. This book celebrates resilience and demonstrates that dyslexics can achieve limitless success.
Help, my child has been diagnosed with Dyslexia!
A comprehensive guide for parents, offering clear explanations of dyslexia and practical strategies for supporting a child after diagnosis. It provides guidance on understanding challenges and taking actionable steps toward success.
Help, my child has been diagnosed with Dysgraphia!
A practical guide for parents navigating a dysgraphia diagnosis. The book explains common writing difficulties, strategies, and therapies that can help children improve their writing skills, empowering parents to take proactive steps.
Help, my child has been diagnosed with Dyscalculia!
This book provides parents with a clear understanding of dyscalculia, practical tips, and strategies to support children’s number and math skills. It addresses common concerns, helping parents feel informed, confident, and hopeful about their child’s future.